Research in Community and Public Health Nursing

Bok Im Lee

11 Articles

The Relationship between Parenting Stress and Health Promotion Behavior of Working Women: Mediating Effect of Supporting Resources: Gwijin Lee, Jin Hwa Lee, Bok Im Lee; J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs. 2021;32(4):529-539. Published online December 31, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12799/jkachn.2021.32.4.529

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Abstract PDF: Purpose
The purpose of this study was to understand the parenting stress and health promotion behavior of working women, and to investigate the mediating effect of supporting resources. Supporting resources were set as social support of spouse and community, and institutional support of the organization to which the subject belongs based on previous studies and an ecological system theory.
Methods
The participants were composed of 214 female workers residing in 17 cities and provinces nationwide and having at least one child aged 1~12 years old. Data were collected online from February 19 to February 28, 2021. The collected data were analyzed using the SPSS 20.0 program to understand the level and correlation of the general characteristics and major variables, and to test the mediating effect, after controlling the variables significantly from univariate analysis, step regression analysis was performed.
Results
Among the supporting resources, the mediating effect of social support of spouse and community was statistically significant.
Conclusion
These findings suggest that it is necessary to seek ways to increase the social support of working women's spouses and people around them in order to increase the health promotion behavior of working women.

Analysis of Media Articles on COVID-19 and Nurses Using Text Mining and Topic Modeling: Ji Yeon An, Yun Jeong Yi, Bok Im Lee; J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs. 2021;32(4):467-476. Published online December 31, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12799/jkachn.2021.32.4.467

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Purpose
The purpose of this study is to understand the social perceptions of nurses in the context of the COVID-19 outbreak through analysis of media articles.
Methods
Among the media articles reported from January 1st to September 30th, 2020, those containing the keywords ‘[corona or Wuhan pneumonia or covid] and [nurse or nursing]’ are extracted. After the selection process, the text mining and topic modeling are performed on 454 media articles using textom version 4.5.
Results
Frequency Top 30 keywords include ‘Nurse’, ‘Corona’, ‘Isolation’, ‘Support’, ‘Shortage’, ‘Protective Clothing’, and so on. Keywords that ranked high in Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency (TF-IDF) values are ‘Daegu’, ‘President’, ‘Gwangju’, ‘manpower’, and so on. As a result of the topic analysis, 10 topics are derived, such as ‘Local infection’, ‘Dispatch of personnel’, ‘Message for thanks’, and ‘Delivery of one’s heart’.
Conclusion
Nurses are both the contributors and victims of COVID-19 prevention. The government and the nurses’ community should make efforts to improve poor working conditions and manpower shortages.

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The Need for and Perceptions of Interprofessional Education and Collaboration Among Undergraduate Students in Nursing and Medicine in South Korea
Hee-Young Song, Kyoung A Nam
Journal of Multidisciplinary Healthcare.2022; Volume 15: 847. CrossRef

The Effects of College Students’ Dual Use of Electronic Cigarette and Conventional Cigarette on Depression: Hee Jin Kim, Bok Im Lee, Min Kyung Song, Jin Hwa Lee; J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs. 2021;32(2):186-194. Published online June 30, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12799/jkachn.2021.32.2.186

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Abstract PDF: Purpose
This study was conducted to find out the association between dual-use of the electronic cigarette (EC) and conventional cigarette (CC) and depression among undergraduate students. Methods: The participants of this study were 225 undergraduate students who were attending two universities located in Ulsan metropolitan city. Descriptive statistics and multiple regression were conducted to analyze the data.
Results
Nicotine dependence and depression were significantly higher in the dual-use group than in the single-use group. Dual-use of the EC and CC was significantly associated with depression among undergraduate students. In addition, quality of sleep was significantly associated with depression among undergraduate students.
Conclusion
In order to prevent depression among undergraduate students, it is necessary to improve the awareness of the danger of dual use of the EC and CC.

Working Poverty and Health Disparities in Korean Workers: Jin Hwa Lee, Bok Im Lee; J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs. 2020;31(4):514-524. Published online December 31, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12799/jkachn.2020.31.4.514

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Abstract PDF

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between working poverty and health status among Korean workers.
Methods
This study is secondary analysis of data extracted from the 2018 Community Health Survey. For the present analysis, 23,575 of the working poor whose household disposable income is below 50.0% of the national median and 111,443 of the working nonpoor were selected. Based on existing literature, a set of variables were chosen from the Community Health Survey. Health status was measured using self-rated health status measure, Patient health Questionnire-9, and EuroQol-5dimension.
Results
The proportion of subjective unhealthy status, depressive symptoms, and poor quality of life were significantly higher among the working poor than among the working nonpoor. After adjusting for general characteristics and health behavior factors, the working poverty was a significant predictor of subjective unhealthy status (AOR=1.32, 95% CI=1.25~1.40), depressive symptoms (AOR=1.61, 95% CI=1.38~1.88]), and poor quality of life (β=-0.02, p<.001).
Conclusion
The current study confirmed the health disparities between the working poor and the working nonpoor. Therefore, health care programs and policies are required for reducing the health inequalities among the workers.

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The effect of precarious employment on suicidal ideation: A serial mediation model with contractual temporality and job insecurity
José Antonio Llosa, Enrique Iglesias-Martínez, Esteban Agulló-Tomás, Sara Menéndez-Espina, Beatriz Oliveros
Economic and Industrial Democracy.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
An in-depth analysis of the relation of health and poverty in Europe
Simona-Andreea Apostu, Gina-Cristina Dimian, Maria Vasilescu
Panoeconomicus.2024; 71(2): 215. CrossRef
How Working Conditions, Socioeconomic Insecurity, and Behavior-Related Factors Mediate the Association Between Working Poverty and Health in Germany
Timo-Kolja Pförtner, Ibrahim Demirer
International Journal of Public Health.2022;[Epub] CrossRef

Effects of Working Environment and Socioeconomic Status on Health Status in Elderly Workers: A Comparison with Non-Elderly Workers: Bok Im Lee; J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs. 2017;28(4):472-481. Published online December 31, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12799/jkachn.2017.28.4.472

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Abstract PDF

PURPOSE
The purpose of this study were to compare working condition, socioeconomic status, and health status between elderly and non-elderly workers and to examine the influencing factors of health status according to age groups.
METHODS
This study is a secondary analysis of data extracted from the 2014 Korean Working Conditions Survey. For the present analysis, 15,980 elderly workers over the age of 55 and 32,037 non-elderly workers under the age of 55 were selected.
RESULTS
The prevalence of subjective unhealthy status and poor mental health were significantly higher among the elderly workers than the non-elderly workers. The elderly workers were more likely to have lower level of education and income than the non-elderly workers. They also reported less support from colleagues and managers, however, have more decision authority. Among the elderly workers, long working hours, awkward posture, physical environmental risks, quantitative demand, decision authority, social support, age discrimination, education level, and income level were significant predictors of subjective health status or mental health.
CONCLUSION
For keeping elderly workers healthy and productive, work environment needs to become more age-friendly. An age-friendly workplace may include: accommodative support, workers' participation, minimization of environment risk, etc.

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Grounds for Post Retirement Jobs and Elderly Health
Dr. Kavitha Vrs, Suryara Pbha K.
Journal of Nursing Research,Patient Safety and Practise.2023; (31): 1. CrossRef
Working Poverty and Health Disparities in Korean Workers
Jin-Hwa Lee, Bokim Lee
Journal of Korean Academy of Community Health Nursing.2020; 31(4): 514. CrossRef
Factors Affecting the Quality of Life of Working Cancer Survivors: Based on the 6th and 7th (2014, 2016, 2018) Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES)
Jahyun Choi, Sanghee Kim
Asian Oncology Nursing.2020; 20(4): 171. CrossRef
The Comparison of Health Status and Health Behavior among Hypertension Group, DM Group, and Hypertension DM Group for the Aged Provided with Customized Home Care Service by Visiting Nurses
Hee Kyoung Hyoung, Hyo-Soon Jang
Journal of Korean Academy of Community Health Nursing.2011; 22(1): 11. CrossRef

A Study on the Satisfaction of Web-Based Health Education Programs: Soon Nyoung Yun, Jeong Eun Kim, In Sook Lee, Bok Im Lee, Eun Jun Park, Soo Yeon Park; J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs. 2009;20(2):134-142. Published online June 30, 2009

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Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
This study was to present the process of web-based educational program (WEP) development and to identify factors affecting satisfaction with WEP for the certificate of healthcare managers working at the National Health Insurance Corporation (NHIC).
METHODS
Subjects were healthcare managers and voluntary participants of WEP. A total of 1,449 respondents were surveyed through an online questionnaire about their satisfaction with the educational contents and system.
RESULTS
The mean contents satisfaction was 3.75 (SD 0.54), and system satisfaction 4.68 (SD 0.54). According to statistical analysis, the type of certification, experience and professional career of health care management affected contents satisfaction. And factors affecting system satisfaction were the type of certification and gender.
CONCLUSION
WEP was utilized as a pre-requisite course for the certificate program of healthcare managers. However, the development of advanced WEP is suggested to meet the educational needs of healthcare managers who have certificate or license and their job related to healthcare management.

A Study on the Effects of the Reduction of Working Hours on Female Workers' Fatigue: Bok Im Lee, Hye Sun Jung; J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs. 2007;18(2):276-283. Published online June 30, 2007

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Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
This present study has been conducted on female workers' shorter working hours in order to look into their fatigue level and the correlation between fatigue and working hours.
METHOD
We surveyed 237 respondents using a questionnaire from June 1st to June 20th, 2005.
RESULTS
The means of total fatigue complaint was 3.45. The fatigue level was significantly higher in the lower age group, unmarried group, manager group and shorter working duration group. And the fatigue level was significantly correlated to working hours and work intensity. In the results of stepwise multiple regression, factors affecting the fatigue level were the change of work intensity, age, regular diet habit, working hours and the type of occupation.
CONCLUSION
It is necessary to prepare the health promotion programs, which can reduce female workers' fatigue level and relieve the intensity of their works.

Factors Influencing Depression with Emotional Labor among Workers in the Service Industry: Bok Im Lee, Hye Sun Jung, Soon Lae Kim, Kyung Yong Rhee; J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs. 2004;15(4):566-576. Published online December 31, 2004

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Abstract PDF: No abstract available.

The Effects of Job Stress on Workers' Physiological Somatic Complaints: Jong Eun Lee, Soon Lae Kim, Hye Sun Jung, Bok Im Lee; J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs. 2004;15(2):289-297. Published online June 30, 2004

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Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
This study was conducted to determine factors affecting workers' physiological somatic complain using the Job Stress Model proposed by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
METHOD
Data were collected from the 1st to the 30th of December 1999. The subjects were 2,123 workers employed at 155 work sites. Collected date were analyzed through SAS/PC program.
RESULT
According to individual characteristics, younger and women groups showed significantly higher physiological somatic complaint than elder men groups. By work condition, groups with higher physiological somatic complaint included workers of irregular shift work. Dark lighting, improper temperature in winter, improper ventilation, inappropriate humidity, unpleasant work environment and crowded work place were significantly related with physiological somatic complaint. By work-related factor, physiological somatic complaint was high in those with higher variance in work load, quantitative work load, role conflict, job burden, role ambiguity and future ambiguity. On the other hand, physiological somatic complaint was low in those with little underutilization of ability. As for the relationships between physiological somatic complaint and non-work related factors, physiological somatic complaint was high in workers who had a side job, were bringing up infants alone, cleaned the house alone, cared for the elderly and disabled persons, were studying, were volunteering at another organization, and were spending 5-10 hours in religious activities per week. Physiological somatic complain was in significantly negative correlations with overall social support, supervisory support and family support, but in significantly positive correlations with co-worker support.
CONCLUSION
The main predictors of physiological somatic complain were gender, shift work pattern, overtime work, ventilation, role ambiguity, role conflict, future ambiguity, job control, variance in work load, overall social support, worker with side job, worker who cleans the house alone, worker who is studying. These predictors explained 19.10% of the total variance of physiological somatic complain.

Factors Related with Job Satisfaction in Workers: Through the Application of NIOSH Job Stress Model: Soon Lae Kim, Hye Sun Jung, Bok Im Lee, Jong Eun Lee, Kyung Yong Rhee; J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs. 2003;14(2):190-198. Published online June 30, 2003

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Abstract PDF: This study was conducted to determine the factors affecting job satisfaction in workers by using the Job Stress Model proposed by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). Data were collected from December 1 to December 30, 1999. The subjects were 2,133 workers employed at 155 work sites, who were examined using NIOSH Job Stress questionnaire translated by the Korea Occupational Safety & Health Academy and Occupational Safety & Health Research Institute. SAS/PC program was used for statistical analysis using descriptive analysis, Pearson's correlation coefficient, ANOVA, and Stepwise multiple regression analysis. The results of this study were as follows. 1. According to general characteristics of the subjects, job satisfaction was high in those with less number of children. 2. By work condition, job satisfaction was higher in those who were working in a permanent job position, were working with regular time basis than with shift basis, were working in regular shift hours than in changing shift hours, were working for a short period, and were working less hours and overtime works per week. 3. In terms of physical work environment, job satisfaction was significantly related to 10 physical environmental factors. In other words, job satisfaction was high in workers who were working in an environment with no noise, bright light, temperature adjusted to an appropriate level during summer and winter, humidity adjusted to an appropriate level, well ventilation, clean air, no exposure to hazardous substance during work hour, overall pleasant work environment and not crowded work space. 4. By work-related factors, job satisfaction was high in those with less ambiguity about future job and role, high job control/autonomy, and less workload. On the other hand, job satisfaction was low in those with little utilization of competencies, and much role conflict at work and workload. 5. As for the relationships between job satisfaction and the non-work related factors, job satisfaction was high in workers who were volunteering at different organizations or active in religious activities for 5-10 hours per week. 6. In the relationships between job satisfaction and buffering factors, significantly positive correlations were found between job satisfaction and factors such as support by direct superior, support by peers, and support by spouse, friend and family. 7. There were nine factors that affected job satisfaction in the workers: age, number of children, work hours per week, noise, temperature at the work site during summer, uncomfortable physical environment, role ambiguity, role conflict, ambiguity in job future, work load, no utilization of competencies and social support from direct supervisor. These nine factors accounted for 26% of the total variance in the multiple regression analysis. In conclusion, the following are proposed based on the results of this study. 1. The most important physical environmental factors affecting job satisfaction in workers were noise, role ambiguity, and work load, suggesting a need to develop strategies or programs to manage these factors at work sites. 2. A support system that could promote job satisfaction is needed by emphasizing the roles of occupational health nurses who may be stationed at work sites and manage the factors that could generate job stress. 3. Job satisfaction is one of the three acute responses to stress proposed in NIOSH job stress model (job satisfaction, physical discomfort and industrial accidents). Therefore, further studies need to be conducted on the other two issues.

Awareness and Opinion of Occupational Health Manager on the Deregulation of Occupational Safety and Health: Soo Man Park, Hye Sun Jung, Bok Im Lee; J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs. 2003;14(1):83-94. Published online March 31, 2003

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